Glutathione therapy is the talk of the recent years. In
fact, it was even touted as the medication to several diseases, from a simple
skin condition to chronic ones. As a matter of fact, this is a general guide
that gets into the facts, mechanisms, and safeness of glutathione therapy to
help you understand this very powerful antioxidant.
What is glutathione?
Glutathione is the endogenous and exogenous tripeptide
consisting of cysteine, glutamine and glycine. It is present in every organism
though it widely contributes too many processes taking place in the body. Because
glutathione has been referred to as the "master antioxidant," it can
reduce oxidative stress through the neutralization of free radicals yet remain
strong against the immune system. It further engages in detoxification
processes that help offer the body the removal of harmful substances.
Functions of Glutathione
The antioxidant defense of glutathione is through neutralization
of free radicals and reactive oxygen species that prevent damage to cells via
oxidation.
- Detoxification
- Immune support
- Protein synthesis and repair
- Replenishment of Other Antioxidants
Levels of Glutathione
Although glutathione is endogenously synthesized by the
body, its level might get lowered down in due course:
- Aging
- Diet
- Chronic Diseases
- Environmental Toxins
- Stress
What is Glutathione Therapy?
Glutathione therapy is, therefore a treatment in which glutathione is administered through intravenous drip with an aim of enhancing glutathione content in the body. It is given in many forms including,
- Intravenous: Glutathione is administered directly into the
blood flow.
- Oral Supplements: These are glutathione in capsule or tablet
form, either themselves, or the precursors of glutathione, most often its
constituent N-acetylcysteine, or NAC.
- Topical Applications: Of these topical creams or serums, the vast majority contain glutathione and are used to lighten the skin and/or treat aging skin.
General Uses of Glutathione Therapy
- Skin Health: Since glutathione can prevent melanin
synthesis, glutathione has some applications for skin whitening treatments.
However most people who are under glutathione therapy want to have lighter and
more evenly-toned skin.
- Detoxification: Glutathione therapy is also the reason for
its popularity since, notably in people exposed to heavy metals and pesticides
in their surroundings, it is immensely popular.
- Management of Chronic Diseases: Several patients expressed
that it has been helpful in managing the various symptoms of asthma, diabetes,
and liver disease.
- Anti-Ageing: As an antioxidant, it is believed to reduce the
effects of aging with a reduction of oxidative stress and health of the cells.
- Athletic Performance: To some athletes, glutathione is administered to boost its recovery process with lessening the oxidative stress triggered through exercises.
View More: 8 Ways to Increase Glutathione Levels Naturally
Mechanism of Action
1. Antioxidant Activity
The major mechanism whereby glutathione acts is through its
antioxidant activity. It cancels free radicals as well as other reactive
species thereby negating oxidation, which damages the cells. The antioxidant
activity is highly related to securing cellular integrity and performance.
2. Detoxification pathways
It conjugates with the toxic as well as the harmful
substances in a phenomenon called glutathione conjugation. Glutathione
conjugation makes the toxins more water-soluble, and thus it enables its
excretion either through urine or bile. Glutathione assists the body during the
detoxification process that would decrease the noxious burden.
3. Immune Modulation
Therefore, the modulation of the body's immune response goes
this very way. Its proliferation and activity are increased in the lymphocytes,
such as T cells and NK cells, which play a big role in preventing infections
and most importantly cancer. In this way, glutathione allows the body to have
an evenly distributed response in terms of immunity.
4. Regulation of Cellular Processes
Glutathione plays an immense role in many cell functions
such as synthesis and repair of proteins, DNA synthesis, and regulation of gene
expression. It is indeed a very crucial contributor toward the maintenance of
homeostasis within cells by participating in health and general well-being.
Safety and Side Effects
1. General Safety Profile
Glutathione is usually safe if taken properly. It occurs
naturally in the body. However, side effects are rarely reported. The safety of
glutathione therapy, however, strictly depends on the mode of administration
and dose.
2. Possible Side Effects
Though rare, some may have the following side effects:
- Allergic Reactions: Glutathione or part of it may cause
allergic reactions to some patients, which present as rashes on the skin,
itching, and even inability to breathe.
- Gastrointestinal Disturbances: Oral supplements cause
gastrointestinal upsets characterized by nausea, diarrhea, and abdominal
cramps.
- Injection Site Adverse Reactions: Patients who receive glutathione injections will be characterized by pain and swelling starting with redness at the injection site.
3. Warnings and Precautions
Consult a Health Care Provider: Reasonable to consult a
health care provider before a course of glutathione therapy so that his need
can be properly assessed and existing medications or health issues reviewed.
- Dosage and Administration: Dose varies upon the indication for treatment, route of administration, and the clinical status of the patient.
Evidence for Glutathione Therapy
1. Skin Health
There have been various reviews about the effectiveness of
glutathione in reversing diseases related to the health condition of the skin.
Experts have indicated that glutathione minimizes melanin production; hence, it
enables skin to appear white. A research article published by the Journal of Dermatology
revealed that intravenous glutathione lowered the melanin levels present in the
research subjects and even made them have a radiant appearance.
2. Detoxification
There is, therefore scientific support of the detoxification
role glutathione plays as supplement studies have been seen to elevate
excretion of heavy metals and toxins in a body. In a study carried out in
Toxicology Letters, increased administration of glutathione led to the
excretion of a larger proportion of lead since patients' levels of blood lead
appreciably increased.
3. Chronic Disease Management
Treatment research studies suggested that glutathione is
also promising for patients with chronic diseases. Respiratory Medicine
published a clinical study wherein the supplement of glutathione improved
pulmonary function and decreased inflammatory markers among asthma patients. An
article in Diabetes Care wrote that supplementation of glutathione may
potentially improve insulin sensitivity among type 2 diabetic patients.
4. Anti-Aging Effects
Antioxidant activity of glutathione can, at least in part,
explain anti-aging effects. There are reports that show glutathione levels
decline with advancing age. This supplement may, at least theoretically,
alleviate the oxidative stress secondary to aging. Glutathione will be useful
in longevity and has a suppressive effect on the diseases of age according to
review in Ageing Research Reviews.
Conclusion
Glutathione therapy is seemingly very promising for its
antioxidant, detoxifying, and immune-modulating functions, improving health and
well-being. Even though it has seen wide application in the fields of skin
health and chronic disease management, it is prudent to seek advice from a
healthcare professional before any decision is taken on a specific need.
As much as is known about glutathione, the core remains its
position in our body's defense system and ever-accumulating evidence points
that it is going to be one of the important therapeutic agents that boost
health outcomes.
Please book an appointment with the Best Dermatologist in Lahore, Karachi, Islamabad, and all major cities of Pakistan through InstaCare, or call our helpline at 03171777509 to find a verified doctor for your disease