Allergies - Symptoms, Risk factors and Treatment

Last Updated On Thursday, November 21, 2024

Allergies in Urdu

الرجی آپ کے جسم کا ردعمل ہے جب وہ کسی ایسی چیز پر رد عمل ظاہر کرتا ہے جسے وہ غیر ملکی سمجھتا ہے۔ یہ شہد کی مکھیوں کے زہر، پالتو جانوروں کے خشکی، دھول، یا یہاں تک کہ کھانے کی وجہ سے بھی ہو سکتا ہے۔ آپ کے جسم میں اینٹی باڈیز پیدا کرنے کا ایک طریقہ کار ہے - ایک پروٹین مادہ جو غیر ملکی ذرات کے خلاف لڑتا ہے۔ الرجی کے دوران، آپ کا جسم کسی بھی چیز کو، زیادہ تر بے ضرر، ایک غیر ملکی ذرہ کے طور پر محسوس کرتا ہے اور ان کے خلاف اینٹی باڈیز بنانا شروع کر دیتا ہے۔


آپ کا جسم الرجین کو اس کے لیے نقصان دہ سمجھتا ہے، اور اس لیے وہ اس سے چھٹکارا پانے کی کوشش کرتا ہے۔ حالانکہ حقیقت میں ایسا نہیں ہے۔ کسی شخص کو کسی بھی چیز سے الرجی ہو سکتی ہے۔ یہ ایک خاص قسم کا تانے بانے، خوراک، اضافی چیزیں، رنگ، جرگ یا موسم بھی ہو سکتا ہے۔


الرجی، اگر ہلکی ہو تو، گھر پر علاج کیا جا سکتا ہے لیکن، اگر علاج نہ کیا جائے تو یہ جان لیوا حالت بن سکتی ہے۔ کچھ قسم کی الرجی کا علاج نہیں کیا جا سکتا، لیکن ان کا علاج اینٹی الرجک ادویات لے کر کیا جاتا ہے۔ مزید برآں، آپ کو الرجین کی نمائش سے بچنے کے لیے اپنی پوری کوشش کرنی چاہیے۔ ایک بار جب آپ کو کسی خاص الرجین سے الرجی کی تشخیص ہو جاتی ہے، تو آپ کو اس سے بچنا چاہیے۔

Allergies in English

Allergy is a response of your body when it reacts to something it considers foreign. It can occur due to anything like bee venom, pet danders, dust, or even food. Your body has a mechanism of producing antibodies- a protein substance that fights against foreign particles. During allergy, your body perceives anything, mostly harmless ones, as a foreign particle and starts to produce antibodies against them. 


Your body perceives the allergen as harmful to it, and therefore it tries to get rid of it. Although in reality, it is not. A person can be allergic to anything. It can be a certain kind of fabric, food, additives, colors, pollens, or even weather. 


Allergy, if mild, can be treated at home but, if left untreated, it can become a life-threatening condition. Some types of allergies can not be cured, but they are treated by taking antiallergic medications. Moreover, you must try your best to avoid expsoure to the allergen. Once you have a diagnosis of allergy from a certain allergen, you must avoid exposure to it. 



Symptoms 


The sign and symptoms of allergy may vary from person to person and causative agents. Sometimes, it may only involve your respiratory passage or sinuses. While other times may also involve your skin. They can be enlisted as follows.


Allergic rhinitis, also called hay fever, may cause;


  • Itching 
  • Sneezing 
  • Red, watery and swollen eyes- also known as conjunctivitis
  • Runny and stuffy nose
  • Itching of the nose, eyes, or roof of the mouth



Food allergy may cause;



  • Swelling of face or throat
  • Tingling in the mouth
  • Swelling of the lips and tongue
  • Hives
  • Anaphylaxis


An insect sting allergy may cause;


  • Edema or swelling at the bite site
  • Itching
  • Urticaria- hives all over the body
  • Cough
  • Chest tightness
  • Difficulty breathing 
  • Wheezing 
  • Anaphylaxis



A drug allergy may cause;



  • Itchy skin
  • Rash
  • Facial swelling
  • Hives
  • Wheezing
  • Anaphylaxis


The signs and symptoms of eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, are;


Red or brown skin that most usually attacks the hands, feet, ankles, wrists, neck, upper chest, eyelids, inside the bend of the elbows and knees, and in infants, the face and scalp

Itchiness of skin. 


  • Small red bumps that may leak fluid upon stretching 
  • Thickened, cracked, scaly skin
  • Raw and sensitive skin 
  • Swollen skin from scratching



Causes 


Allergy can occur due to anything like bee venom, pet danders, dust, or even food. Your body has a mechanism of producing antibodies- a protein substance that fights against foreign particles. During allergy, your body perceives anything, mostly harmless ones, as a foreign particle and starts to produce antibodies against them. Your body perceives the allergen as harmful for it and, therefore it tries to get rid of it. Although in reality, it may not be harmful to your body. A person can be allergic to anything. It can be a certain kind of fabric, food, additives, colors, pollens, or even weather. 



Triggers for allergy can be:


Airborne allergens- pollen, pet dander, dust mites, and mold

Certain foods- mostly peanuts, wheat, soy, tree nuts, fish, shellfish, eggs, and milk

Insect stings- honey bee

Medications- any certain kind 

Latex or other substances you touch, which can cause allergic skin reactions


Prevention 


Keep a diary and note every detail in it so that you can know about the trigger. Moreover, when you get to know about it, avoid eating or getting exposed to it. Keep antiallergic medications with yourself. Take them as soon as you feel the symptoms of allergy are coming. 



Conclusion 


Allergy is an over-response of your immune system. Sometimes, you can not prevent it. While sometimes, if the allergen is avoidable, you can avoid exposure to it. To treat allergy, the healthcare provider mostly prescribed anti allergy medications. 


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