Introduction
Nilstat drops is a brand name for the medication nystatin, which is an antifungal medication used to treat a variety of fungal infections. In nilstat drops, nystatin, works by binding to the fungal cell membrane and preventing it from growing and reproducing.
Uses of nilstat drops
Here are
some of the usual uses of nilstat drops are,
- Oral thrush:
Nilstat drops are commonly used to treat oral thrush, which is a fungal
infection that affects the mouth and throat. This infection is caused by
candida albicans and can cause symptoms such as white patches on the tongue and
inside of the mouth, sore throat, and difficulty swallowing.
- Skin fungal
infections: Nilstat drops can be used to treat fungal infections of the skin,
such as athlete's foot, jock itch, and ringworm. These infections are caused by
different species of fungi and can cause symptoms such as redness, itching, and
scaling of the affected area.
- Vaginal
candidiasis: Nilstat drops can be used to treat vaginal candidiasis, which is a
fungal infection of the vagina caused by candida species. This infection can
cause symptoms such as vaginal itching, burning, and discharge.
- Nail fungal
infections: Nilstat drops can be used to treat fungal infections of the nails,
which are caused by various species of fungi. These infections can cause
thickened, discolored nails that may be painful or difficult to trim.
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Drug interactions
Here are
some examples of medications that may interact with nilstat drops:
- Amphotericin
b: Taking nilstat drops with amphotericin b, another antifungal medication, may
increase the risk of kidney damage.
- Immunosuppressants:
Nilstat drops may interact with immunosuppressant medications, such as
cyclosporine and tacrolimus, used to prevent rejection of transplanted organs.
Nilstat drops may decrease the effectiveness of these medications.
- Warfarin:
Taking nilstat drops with warfarin, a blood-thinning medication, may increase
the risk of bleeding. It is important to monitor blood clotting time and adjust
the dose of warfarin as needed.
- Oral
contraceptives: Nilstat drops may decrease the effectiveness of oral
contraceptives. It is recommended to use alternative forms of contraception
while taking nilstat drops.
- Antacids:
Taking nilstat drops with antacids may decrease the absorption of nilstat drops
and decrease its effectiveness.
Disease interactions
Here are
some examples of disease interactions to consider before taking nilstat drops:
- Liver
disease: Individuals with liver disease may not be able to metabolize nilstat
drops effectively, which may increase the risk of side effects. A healthcare
professional may need to adjust the dosage of nilstat drops or consider an
alternative treatment.
- Kidney
disease: Individuals with kidney disease may not be able to eliminate nilstat
drops from their body effectively, which may increase the risk of side effects.
A healthcare professional may need to adjust the dosage of nilstat drops or consider
an alternative treatment.
- Diabetes:
Nilstat drops may contain sugar, which can increase blood sugar levels in
individuals with diabetes. A healthcare professional may need to monitor blood
sugar levels more closely while taking nilstat drops.
- Gastrointestinal
conditions: Individuals with gastrointestinal conditions, such as inflammatory
bowel disease or malabsorption syndrome, may not be able to absorb nilstat
drops effectively, which may decrease its effectiveness. A healthcare
professional may need to adjust the dosage of nilstat drops or consider an
alternative treatment.
- Hiv
infection: Individuals with hiv infection may have a higher risk of developing
oral thrush and other fungal infections. Nilstat drops may interact with
certain antiretroviral medications used to treat hiv, so it is important to
inform a healthcare professional about all medications being taken.
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Food interactions
Here are
some examples of food interactions to consider:
- Grapefruit:
Grapefruit and grapefruit juice may affect the absorption of certain
medications, including nilstat drops. It is recommended to avoid grapefruit or
grapefruit juice while taking nilstat drops.
- Dairy
products: Some individuals may experience decreased absorption of nilstat drops
when taken with dairy products. It is recommended to take nilstat drops at
least 2 hours before or after consuming dairy products.
- High-fat
foods: High-fat foods may decrease the absorption of nilstat drops. It is
recommended to take nilstat drops on an empty stomach or with a light meal to
increase absorption.
- Alcohol:
Alcohol may increase the risk of liver damage when taken with nilstat drops. It
is recommended to avoid alcohol while taking nilstat drops.
Side effects of nilstat drops
Here are
some usual side effects that may occur while taking nilstat drops:
- Nausea or
vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Stomach
cramps
- Rash or
itching
- Headache
- Swelling or
irritation of the mouth or tongue
- Forgetting
of taste or swap in taste
Rarely,
nilstat drops may cause more complicated side effects, such as:
- Difficulty
breathing
- Inflammation
of the face, lips, tongue, or gullet
- Severe
diarrhea or stomach cramps
- Yellowing of
the skin or eyes
- Dark urine
- Unusual
bleeding or bruising
- Fever or
chills
Dosing information
Here is some
general dosing information for nilstat drops:
- Oral thrush:
The usual adult dose is 4 to 6 ml (400,000 to 600,000 units) of nilstat drops,
swished in the mouth and swallowed four times daily after meals and at bedtime.
For infants and children, the dosage is usually based on their weight and age.
- Intestinal
candidiasis: The usual adult dose is 4 to 6 ml (400,000 to 600,000 units) of
nilstat drops, three times daily before meals. For infants and children, the
dosage is usually based on their weight and age.
- Prevention
of fungal infections: The usual adult dose is 4 to 6 ml (400,000 to 600,000
units) of nilstat drops, twice daily. For infants and children, the dosage is
usually based on their weight and age.
Storage
Nilstat drops, also known as nystatin drops, should be stored at room temperature, between 15°c to 30°c (59°f to 86°f). The medication must be retain away from straight sunlight, heat, and wetness. It is important to keep the medication in the original container with the cap tightly closed.